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葛洲坝水利枢纽布置了三江、大江两线航道。三江航道在第一期施工期内建成,大江截流后,上游水位抬高到58米高程时开始通航。在第二期施工内,为长江水运进出川江的唯一通道。大江航道建成后,三江航道仍是主航线,故三江航道对长江的水运至为重要。三江航道设计中涉及的技术问题很多,本文只简介下列几个问题:线路位置的选择,航道的防淤和冲淤问题,航道口门区通航条件问题和对黄柏河的水沙控制问题。
Gezhouba Dam layout of the Sanjiang, two major waterway channel. The Sanjiang Waterway was completed during the first phase of construction. After the closure of the major river, the upper reaches of the waterway was raised to a height of 58 meters and began navigation. In the second phase of construction, the only access to the Chuanjiang River for the Yangtze River water transport. After completion of the major waterway, the Sanjiang Waterway is still the main route, so the Sanjiang Waterway is of vital importance to the water transport of the Yangtze River. There are many technical problems involved in the design of the Sanjiang Waterway. This article only briefly introduces the following issues: the choice of the route location, the anti-siltation and scouring of the waterway, the navigational conditions of the waterway gate area, and the water and sediment control of the Huangbai River.