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妇幼卫生工作是为占全国人口总数三分之二的妇女儿童服务的。就每个人来说都离不开出生、发育这个过程,从这个角度看,妇幼卫生又是向每个人提供服务的。做好妇女儿童的保健工作,对提高全民族的健康水平具有重要意义。当今世界一般都认为,最普通的社会发展指标是平均寿命和婴儿死亡率。从我们卫生部门来看,社会发展就意味着平均寿命的提高,婴儿和孕产妇死亡率的降低以及身心健康状况的改善。我国人口平均期望寿命已经由建国初期的35岁提高到1981年的67.88岁,上海市妇女平均期望寿命已上升到75岁。全国孕产妇死亡率已经由建国前的150/万下降到5/万左右,婴儿死亡率也由建国前的200‰下降到1981年的34.68‰,近几年又有所下降。就北京市来看,到1984年,全市孕妇死亡率下降到2.71/万,婴儿死亡率由1949年的117.6‰下降到1984年的11.61‰。
MCH work is to serve women and children, which make up two thirds of the total population of the country. For everyone, it is inseparable from the birth and development of this process. From this perspective, MCH is providing services to everyone. To do a good job in the health care of women and children is of great significance to improving the health of the entire nation. In today’s world, the most common indicators of social development are average life expectancy and infant mortality. In our health sector, social development means an increase in average life expectancy, a reduction in infant and maternal mortality, and an improvement in physical and mental health. The average life expectancy of China’s population has risen from 35 years at the initial stage of the founding of New China to 67.88 years at 1981, and the average life expectancy of women in Shanghai has risen to 75 years. The national maternal mortality rate has dropped from about 150,000 to 5 / 10,000 before the founding of the People’s Republic. The infant mortality rate also dropped from 200 ‰ before the founding of the PRC to 34.68 ‰ in 1981, which has also declined in recent years. By Beijing’s perspective, by 1984, the city’s maternal mortality rate dropped to 2.71 / million, the infant mortality rate dropped from 117.6 ‰ in 1949 to 11.61 ‰ in 1984.