棉花对平衡营养的反应——Ⅰ. 营养供给强度及平衡对叶片超微结构的影响

• 作 者: 毛树春 邢金松 宋美珍 刘传亮
• 机 构: 中国农业科学院棉花研究所!河南安阳455112,中国农业科学院棉花研究所!河南安阳455112,中国农业科学院棉花研究所!河南安阳455112,中国农业科学院棉花研究所!河南安阳455112
• 出 处: 作物学报
• 发表日期: 1996年01期
• 关键词: 营养供给 同化物 缺钾 片层 基粒 线粒体结构 叶绿体结构 光合膜 超微结构 中棉所

平衡营养供给强度过高或过低都会引起叶绿体内同化物的大量积累,形成淀粉“液泡”,导致基质狭窄。平衡营养供给强度不足,叶绿体、基粒和片层数量少,但片层排列整齐;供给强度过大,叶绿体、基粒及片层数量丰富,但部分片层产生膨胀且排列不整齐。线粒体结构对平衡营养供给强度的反应不明显,但其数量所受的影响较大。不平衡营养对叶绿体和线粒体的结构与数量的影响程度为缺氮>缺钾>缺磷,而对光合膜的影响则以缺钾处理最小。缺氮、缺磷和缺钾时线粒体数量减少,且内膜结构简单。

Balanced nutrient supply intensity is too high or too low will cause a large accumulation of chloroplast in vivo assimilation, the formation of starch “bubble”, leading to stenosis. Balanced nutrient supply intensity is insufficient, chloroplast, grana and lamellae are few, but the lamellae are arranged neatly; the supply intensity is too large, the chloroplast, basal granule and lamellae are abundant, but some lamellae are swollen and arranged irregularly. The response of mitochondrial structure to the balance of nutrient supply is not obvious, but the quantity is affected more. The effects of unbalanced nutrition on chloroplast and mitochondrial structure and quantity were as follows: nitrogen deficiency> potassium deficiency> phosphorus deficiency, while the effect on photosynthetic membrane was minimal with potassium deficiency. Nitrogen deficiency, phosphorus deficiency and potassium deficiency reduce the number of mitochondria, and the endometrial structure is simple.