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真正的理论有独特的问题意识;有通过推演和批判揭示了问题的本质和规律又被问题证明了是本质和规律的特定内容;有属于自己的明确的概念与范畴等内在性。独特的现实问题意识生成特定的内容,特定内容的推演和批判生成特定的概念和范畴,概念和范畴确保理论的原创性。韦恩·布斯的小说修辞理论就是这样一个具有内在性的真正的理论。反观中国的小说理论,总是程度不同的存在内在性不足的问题,导致我们的小说理论总是与真正的理论有差距,需要我们认真反思。
The real theory has unique problem consciousness; it reveals the essence and law of the problem through deduction and criticism and is proved to be the specific content of the essence and the law by the problem; and has its own explicit concept and category and so on. Unique sense of the real problem to generate specific content, the specific content of the deduction and criticism generate specific concepts and categories, concepts and categories to ensure the originality of the theory. Wayne Booth’s rhetorical theory of novels is such an inherent theory of the real. On the other hand, China’s novel theory always has the problem of inherent deficiencies that always exist in different degrees. As a result, our theory of fiction always has a gap with the real theory and we need to seriously reflect on it.