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有“世界钢铁之都”之称的匹兹堡市是美国著名的工业城。但自19世纪中叶以来,匹兹堡地区因资源枯竭出现了严重的衰退,企业倒闭,工人失业,社会问题丛生,市区人口大量下降,成为美国衰退最严重的大城市之一。基于此,政府对匹兹堡地区进行了全面的改造。匹兹堡的一系列改造,经历了三个步骤,被人们称为“三次复兴”。1.三次持续的城市转型
The city of Pittsburgh, known as the “World Steel Capital,” is a famous industrial city in the United States. However, since the mid-19th century, the Pittsburgh area has suffered from a serious recession due to resource depletion. As a result, business failures, worker unemployment, and social problems have caused a dramatic drop in population in the urban area, making it one of the largest cities in the U.S. recession. Based on this, the government conducted a comprehensive transformation of the Pittsburgh area. A series of transformations in Pittsburgh has gone through three steps and is called “Three Renaissance.” Three sustained urban transformations