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目的了解北京市京籍与流动中小学生超重及肥胖状况,为制定有效的干预措施提供理论依据。方法利用多阶段整群随机抽样,对北京市851名京籍和2 461名流动中小学生超重及肥胖状况进行调查。结果在3 312名学生中,超重学生341名(10.3%),肥胖学生265名(8.0%);京籍学生超重、肥胖检出率均为15.2%,高于流动学生超重及肥胖检出率(8.6%,5.5%)(χ~2=119.89,P<0.01);流动学生超重及肥胖检出率由最初流动时间<5 a的6.5%及3.8%,在流动时间≥9 a时达到10.0%及5.7%(χ~2=14.60,P<0.05)。不同性别、年级、父母教育程度、独生子女状况、父母超重肥胖情况及计算机使用情况的中小学生超重及肥胖检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为36.47,14.97,22.28,33.00,54.02,98.40,31.57,P值均<0.01)。京籍学生超重及肥胖检出率均高于流动学生(P值均<0.05)。结论中小学生存在不同程度的超重及肥胖,京籍学生超重肥胖发生率高于流动学生。应采取针对性措施,有效预防和降低中小学生超重及肥胖的发生和发展。
Objective To understand the status of overweight and obesity among Beijing citizens and migrant primary and middle school students in Beijing and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating effective intervention measures. Methods The multistage cluster random sampling was used to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 851 Beijing and 2 461 migrant primary and secondary school students in Beijing. Results Among 3,312 students, 341 (10.3%) were overweight students and 265 (8.0%) were obese students. The detection rate of overweight and obesity among Beijing students was 15.2%, which was higher than that of migrant students overweight and obesity (8.6%, 5.5%) (χ ~ 2 = 119.89, P <0.01). The detection rate of overweight and obesity among migrant students increased from 6.5% and 3.8% of the initial flow time <5 years to 10.0 % And 5.7% (χ ~ 2 = 14.60, P <0.05). The detection rates of overweight and obesity in primary and middle school students with different gender, grade, education level of parents, status of only child, overweight and obesity of parents and computer usage were all statistically significant (χ2 = 36.47,14.97,22.28,33.00,54.02 , 98.40, 31.57, P <0.01). The detection rates of overweight and obesity in Beijing students were higher than those of migrant students (P <0.05). Conclusions There is varying degrees of overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students, and the incidence of overweight and obesity in Beijing students is higher than that of migrant students. Targeted measures should be taken to effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence and development of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students.