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2012年2~11月对东太湖不同水域浮游生物组成、数量、水质情况及水生植物密度进行了调查,并对9月份太湖鲢、鳙的食性进行了研究。结果表明:浮游动物和浮游植物多样性指数均为保护区>余山>老鼠山>漫山岛。水体浮游生物数量和综合营养状态指数均为漫山岛>老鼠山>余山>保护区。浮游植物总数量与蓝藻总数量、浮游动物总数量、富营养化因子呈正相关,与水生植物密度呈负相关。9月份太湖鲢、鳙的肠内含物中浮游植物和浮游动物分别占食物数量的89.1%、70.6%和10.9%、29.4%,其中蓝藻分别占74.5%、56%,枝角类和轮虫分别占3.7%、13.4%和1.5%、11.5%;鲢、鳙对蓝藻的选择性指数分别为1.42和1.07,对轮虫和原生动物的选择性指数分别为0.13、1.27和1.30、0.40。本研究结果对揭示影响太湖浮游生物周年变化的环境因素以及通过鲢、鳙控制蓝藻具有一定的理论价值和指导意义。
From February to November 2012, the composition, quantity, water quality and aquatic plant density of plankton in different waters of East Tai Lake were investigated. The feeding habits of silver carp and bighead carp in Taihu Lake in September were studied. The results showed that the diversity indices of zooplankton and phytoplankton were all protected areas> Yu Shan> Rouse Mountain> Manshan Island. The quantity of plankton and the comprehensive nutritional status index were both Manshan Island> Rouse Mountain> Yu Shan> Reserve. The total number of phytoplankton was positively correlated with the total number of cyanobacteria, the total number of zooplankton and eutrophication, and negatively correlated with the density of aquatic plants. In September, the contents of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the intestines of Taihu Silver Carp and Castanopsis pomfret accounted for 89.1%, 70.6% and 10.9%, 29.4% of the total number of food respectively, of which Cyanobacteria accounted for 74.5%, 56% Respectively, accounting for 3.7%, 13.4% and 1.5%, 11.5% respectively; the selectivity indices for blue carmine and silver carp were 1.42 and 1.07, respectively, and the selectivity indices to rotifers and protozoa were 0.13, 1.27 and 1.30, 0.40 respectively. The results of this study have certain theoretical value and guiding significance for revealing the environmental factors that affect the annual change of plankton in Taihu Lake and controlling cyanobacteria by silver carp and bighead carp.