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凋亡抑制因子6(apoptosis inhibitor 6,Api6),又称作AIM/Spα,是清道夫受体富含半胱氨酸残基超家族新成员。Api6/AIM/Spα由巨噬细胞特异性表达,具有抑制CD4+/CD8+双阳性胸腺细胞、T淋巴细胞、NKT淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞凋亡的作用。作为模式识别受体,Api6/AIM/Spα直接与病原体相关分子模式LPS/LTA结合,在机体固有免疫和适应性免疫中发挥重要的作用。近年研究发现,Api6/AIM/Spα可以通过抑制动脉粥样硬化斑块部位巨噬细胞凋亡加重动脉粥样硬化早期斑块的进展,也可以通过抑制脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)的生物学活性提高脂肪细胞的脂解作用,在肥胖的进展中发挥重要作用。重点综述了Api6/AIM/Spα调节免疫和脂质代谢等生物学功能的研究进展。
Apoptosis inhibitor 6 (Api6), also known as AIM / Spα, is a new member of scavenger receptor-rich cysteine-rich superfamily. Api6 / AIM / Spα is specifically expressed by macrophages and has the effect of inhibiting the apoptosis of CD4 + / CD8 + double positive thymocytes, T lymphocytes, NKT lymphocytes and macrophages. As a pattern recognition receptor, Api6 / AIM / Spalpha directly binds to the pathogen-associated molecular model LPS / LTA and plays an important role in the innate and adaptive immunity of the organism. In recent years, it has been found that Api6 / AIM / Spalpha can increase the progress of atherosclerotic plaque by inhibiting the apoptosis of atherosclerotic plaque and also can inhibit the biological activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) Lipolysis of adipocytes plays an important role in the progression of obesity. This review focuses on the research progress of the biological functions of api6 / AIM / Spα in regulating immunity and lipid metabolism.