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大田种植条件下,在四川两个生态地区鉴定了76份玉米自交系的耐低磷能力。通过对主要农艺、经济性状耐低磷系数的变异系数、变异范围、平均值及其性状间的相关分析,结果表明子粒产量、株高、茎粗可作为玉米耐低磷基因型筛选和评价的指标。根据上述指标,发现178、RP125、99S2052-1、99S2052-2、2396等8个自交系在两试验点都表现出较好的耐低磷特性;978-2、郑58、9508B等21个自交系在两试验点都表现出低磷敏感特性;4783411-1、LC995、01S43、0922-3、S28等17个自交系对低磷胁迫的反应不稳定。研究发现玉米对低磷胁迫的反应易受温度、光照等环境因素的影响,并提出综合运用大田初筛与盆栽复筛、多年多点筛选以及分子水平上的鉴定是获得耐低磷基因型的必要途径。
Field cultivation conditions, in two ecological regions in Sichuan identified 76 maize inbred lines of low phosphorus tolerance. The results showed that the yield, plant height and stem diameter of maize were screened and evaluated as low-phosphorus tolerant maize genotypes through the correlation analysis of coefficient of variation, range of variation, average value and characters of low phosphorus tolerance coefficient of main agronomic and economic characters index. According to the above indexes, it was found that 178, RP125, 99S2052-1, 99S2052-2, 2396 and other 8 inbred lines showed good resistance to low phosphorus at both test sites; 21 of 978-2, Zheng 58 and 9508B Inbred lines showed low-P-sensitive characteristics at both experimental sites; 17 inbred lines 4783411-1, LC995, 01S43, 0922-3, and S28 were unstable to low-P stress. The study found that the response of maize to low-P stress is susceptible to environmental factors such as temperature and light, and put forward the comprehensive utilization of field screening and pot re-screening, multi-year screening and molecular identification to obtain low-phosphorus tolerant genotypes Necessary ways.