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全世界水力资源极其丰富,迄今只利用了17％。按地区分布,利用率欧洲约为 59％,北美 36％,亚洲9％,非洲5％。1980年水力发电仅占世界能源消费总量的5％。目前,美国、加拿大和苏联正在考虑利用北极圈的几条大河的水力资源;巴西已制订了利用亚马孙河及其支流发电6,600万瓩的初步计划;埃及阿斯旺水坝已使该国99％的农村电气化,创造了许多就业机会;中国的葛洲坝水电工程能发电2,500万瓩,是目前世界上最大的水坝。发展中国家小规模水力发电
The world’s water resources are extremely rich, so far only 17% have been used. By region, the utilization rate is about 59% in Europe, 36% in North America, 9% in Asia and 5% in Africa. Hydropower in 1980 only accounted for 5% of the total energy consumption in the world. At present, the United States, Canada and the Soviet Union are considering utilizing the hydraulic resources of several major rivers in the Arctic Circle; Brazil has drawn up a preliminary plan to generate 66 million tons of electricity from the Amazon and its tributaries; and the Aswan Dam in Egypt has enabled 99% Rural electrification has created many job opportunities; China’s Gezhouba hydropower project can generate 25 million kilowatts, making it the world’s largest dam. Small-scale hydropower in developing countries