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基于地形图、航空摄影相片和Landsat OLI遥感影像,对青藏高原东南部岗日嘎布山1980-2015年间的冰川变化进行了研究。结果表明:1980-2015年,岗日嘎布山冰川面积减少679.50 km~2(-24.91%),年平均面积退缩率为0.71%·a~(-1),末端海拔平均抬升了111 m。研究区范围内有10条冰川处于前进状态,冰川长度平均增加566.17 m;其余冰川均处于退缩状态,冰川长度平均减少823.49 m。与中国其他山系冰川相比,岗日嘎布山冰川面积年平均退缩速率较大,冰川长度变化速率最大,是冰川退缩最强烈的地区之一。岗日嘎布山冰川变化与气候变化关系密切,对研究区附近三个气象站5-9月平均气温和降水变化分析表明,自1980年以来,岗日嘎布山5-9月平均气温显著上升,降水变化不明显,是导致该区域冰川呈现快速退缩的主要原因。
Based on the topographic maps, aerial photographs and Landsat OLI remote sensing images, the glacier changes during the period from 1980 to 2015 in Ganggabushan, southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were studied. The results show that from 1980 to 2015, the glacier area of Gangargarb mountain decreases 679.50 km ~ 2 (-24.91%), and the annual average area shrinkage rate is 0.71% · a ~ (-1), with an average elevation of 111 m at the terminal elevation. Within the study area, 10 glaciers are in a state of advancement, and the average length of glaciers increases by 566.17 m. The rest of the glaciers are in a state of retreat, and the average glacier length is reduced by 823.49 m. Compared with other mountain glaciers in China, Ganggabu glacier area has a larger average annual retreat rate and the glacier length has the largest rate of change, making it one of the areas where glaciers retreat most. The change of glacier in Gangargarb mountain is closely related to climate change. The analysis of the mean temperature and precipitation from May to September in the three meteorological stations around the study area shows that the average temperature of Gangargebu Mountain from May to September is significant since 1980 Ascending and precipitation did not change obviously, which was the main reason of glacier retreat in this region.