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目的了解海岛官兵的心理健康状况和适应能力及相关影响因素,提高对海岛官兵心理干预的水平。方法参加“为海岛官兵送健康”活动,分别到13个岛屿随机抽取守岛官兵821人为研究组,以岛外1922名官兵作为对照组,统一使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、心理适应能力问卷对其团体测评和个别访谈,而后对心理健康状况和适应能力进行相关性分析。结果研究组SCL-90各因子分与对照组比较(t=28.51,P<0.01);筛查各因子阳性的严重程度175/797人(21.96%)与对照组346/1924人(18%)比较(t=4.74～10.20,P<0.01);研究组的心理适应能力与SCL-90总分及各因子分存在显著负相关(r=-0.320～-0.444,P<0.01);官兵的军龄、年龄与SCL-90的焦虑因子存在显著正相关(r=0.103～0.302,P<0.01)。访谈出的主要问题是婚恋问题;对身体和家人的担忧、恐惧等。结论守岛官兵心理健康水平低于岛外官兵,且与心理适应能力、年龄、军龄密切相关。
Objective To understand the state of mental health and adaptive capacity of seafarers and their related factors, and to improve the psychological intervention of island officers and men. Methods To participate in the activity of “sending health to the island officers and soldiers”, 821 officers and soldiers of the island were randomly selected from 13 islands as the study group, and 1922 officers and soldiers from outside the island were used as the control group. Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) , Psychological adaptability questionnaire on their group evaluation and individual interview, and then on the mental health status and adaptability of the correlation analysis. Results The scores of SCL-90 in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t = 28.51, P <0.01). The severity of each factor was 175/797 (21.96%) and 346/1924 (T = 4.74-10.20, P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the psychological adaptability and SCL-90 score and each factor in the study group (r = -0.320-0.444, P <0.01) There was a significant positive correlation between age and the anxiety factor of SCL-90 (r = 0.103 ~ 0.302, P <0.01). The main problems interviewed were the issue of marriage and love; the fear and fear of the body and family. Conclusion The mental health of minors and officers and soldiers in Shou Island is lower than that of officers and soldiers on the island, and is closely related to psychological adaptability, age and army age.