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目的分析环江毛南族自治县肺结核病的发病特征和动态,为制订肺结核病防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对环江毛南族自治县2004~2012年肺结核病疫情资料进行分析。结果环江县2004~2012年共报告肺结核病2 739例,年平均发病率为81.87/10万,其中2007年发病率最高为121.52/10万,2004年最低为56.62/10万,2009年起呈下降趋势。全县12个乡(镇)均有病例报告,病例主要分布在思恩(426例)、川山(377例)、洛阳(361例)、水源(318例)和明伦(264例)5个乡镇,占全县病例的63.75%(1 746/2 739)。男性1 908例,女性831例,男女性别比为2.3:1;年龄分布集中在20~74岁组(89.34%),职业构成比最高的是农民(88.46%),最低的为医务人员(0.29%)。结论环江县肺结核发病率呈下降趋势,但防控工作仍不能放松,应进一步加强对农村结核病的监测和防治。
Objective To analyze the characteristics and dynamics of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County and provide evidence for the development of tuberculosis prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of tuberculosis outbreaks in the Maonan Autonomous County of Huanjiang from 2004 to 2012. Results A total of 2 739 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Huanjiang County from 2004 to 2012, with an average annual incidence rate of 81.87 / 100 000, of which the highest incidence was 121.52 / 100 000 in 2007 and the lowest in 2004 was 56.62 / 100 000. Showing a downward trend. The county has 12 cases of township (town) case reports, the cases are mainly distributed in Sien (426 cases), Chuan Shan (377 cases), Luoyang (361 cases), water (318 cases) and Minglun (264 cases) A township, accounting for 63.75% of the county cases (1 746/2 739). There were 1 908 males and 831 females with a sex ratio of 2.3: 1. The age distribution was concentrated in the age group of 20-74 years old (89.34%). The highest occupational ratio was peasants (88.46%) and the lowest ones were medical staffs (0.29 %). Conclusions The incidence of tuberculosis in Huanjiang County shows a downward trend, but prevention and control work can not be relaxed. Monitoring and prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in rural areas should be further strengthened.