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The influence of the refractive index n2 of optical cement on the structure angle, field angle, and transmission of Glan-Thompson prism has been studied in detail. The results show that the structure angle will increase with the decrease of n2 under the condition of the largest field angle. Thus, the ratio of length to width (L/A) of the prism will decrease, which means more materials can be saved. When the value of L/A is 3.0 or 2.5 in the routine design, the field angle will firstly increase and then decrease with the increment of n2. Two routine designs with the n2 values of 1.47 and 1.45 have the optimal field angle. In addition, n2 also has great influence on light intensity transmittance of the prism. Considering all these factors, it will be the best choice with L/A=2.5 and n2=1.45-1.46.