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通过大田试验,研究了不同比例化肥配施有机肥对连作玉米区土壤微生物、养分含量及产量的影响。结果表明:有机无机肥配施能有效改善土壤微生物环境,可在提供营养的同时调控优化土壤中细菌、真菌等微生物群落区系的结构,增加细菌和放线菌数量,减少有害真菌的数量;在玉米生育时期土壤碱解氮、速效磷含量除M4外均呈现先升高后降低趋势,且处理M2的土壤速效磷与其他处理间达到了5%的显著差异水平;玉米产量:M2(80%尿素氮+20%有机肥氮;P_2O_5:75kg/hm~2;K2O:90kg/hm~2)>M3(70%尿素氮+30%有机肥氮;P2O5:75kg/hm~2;K_2O:90kg/hm~2)>M1(100%有机肥氮)>M4(当地化肥施用量:尿素150kg/hm~2;P_2O_5:75kg/hm~2;K_2O:90kg/hm~2)>CK(不施用任何肥料),配施处理增产明显,与CK处理间达到显著差异水平。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different proportions of chemical fertilizers combined with organic manure on soil microbe, nutrient content and yield in continuous cropping corn. The results showed that the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers could effectively improve the microbial environment of the soil, and could regulate the structure of the flora in the soil, such as bacteria and fungi, and increase the number of bacteria and actinomycetes and the number of harmful fungi while providing nutrients. In the period of maize growth, the contents of available nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil were increased firstly and then decreased, and the content of available phosphorus in maize reached a significant difference of 5% with other treatments; the yield of maize: M2 (80 % Urea nitrogen + 20% organic fertilizer nitrogen; P 2 O 5: 75 kg / hm 2; K 2 O: 90 kg / hm 2> M3> 70% urea nitrogen + 30% organic fertilizer nitrogen; 90kg / hm ~ 2)> M1 (100% organic fertilizer nitrogen)> M4 (local chemical fertilizer application rate: urea 150kg / hm2; P2O5: 75kg / hm2; K2O: 90kg / hm2)> CK Application of any fertilizer), with treatment significantly increased production, and CK treatment reached a significant difference between levels.