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为研究近年来植被对黄河各支流来水来沙锐减的贡献,选择植被变化极为显著的延河流域为研究区域,定量化估算植被的减水减沙效益。论文利用Landsat系列遥感影像数据,以及流域的气象水文资料,基于Morgan-Duzant版Morgan-Morgan-Finney(MMF)模型估算流域的径流量与输沙量,分析各植被因子与径流量、输沙量的相关性,并利用相邻时期的植被降雨数据进行情景模拟,以此估算植被与降雨对流域水沙的影响。结果表明:1MMF模型能较好地模拟流域年径流量,输沙量次之;2植被因子与径流量、输沙量空间分布格局上相关性不明显,径流量与间接植被因子(截留率、林下降雨侵蚀力和坡面沉积率)相关性较高,而输沙量与植被覆盖度相关性较高;3植被与降雨的情景模拟表明2000、2006年的植被较前一相邻时期有所改善,使得径流量分别较前期减少45.88%、25.74%,输沙量减少12.10%、27.57%。
In order to study the contribution of vegetation to the sharp drop in inflow and discharge of water and water from the tributaries of the Yellow River in recent years, the Yanhe River Basin with extremely significant changes in vegetation was selected as the research area to quantitatively estimate the benefits of water and sediment reduction. Based on the Landsat series of remote sensing image data and the meteorological and hydrological data of the basin, the runoff and sediment load of the basin are estimated based on the Morgan-Morgan-Morgan-Finney (MMF) model. The effects of vegetation factors, runoff, The correlation between vegetation and rainfall on the runoff and sediment in the basin was estimated by using the simulated rainfall data from the adjacent periods. The results show that the 1MMF model can simulate the annual runoff well, followed by the sediment transport; 2 The correlation between the vegetation factor and the runoff and sediment discharge spatial distribution is not obvious. The correlation between runoff and indirect vegetation factors (rejection rate, The correlation between the sediment yield and the vegetation coverage was relatively high.3 The scenario simulation of vegetation and rainfall showed that the vegetation in 2000 and 2006 had a higher correlation with the previous adjacent period As a result, the runoff decreased by 45.88% and 25.74% respectively compared with the previous period, and the sediment discharge decreased by 12.10% and 27.57% respectively.