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目的:观察腹腔注射舒芬太尼对SD大鼠气道反应性的影响。方法:将32只雄性SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为4组，正常对照为A组(n n＝8，腹腔注射生理盐水，3 ml)；实验组，B1组(n n＝8，腹腔注射舒芬太尼60 μg/kg，3 ml)、B2组(n n＝8，腹腔注射舒芬太尼90 μg/kg，3 ml)和B3组(n n＝8，腹腔注射舒芬太尼120 μg/kg，3 ml)。第1天对4组大鼠进行气道阻力和气道反应性应用非侵入性气道阻力仪测定并作为参考基线。第15天按照分组要求对4组大鼠进行腹腔注射干预措施，测定腹腔注射后1、2、3、5、10 min气道阻力(specific airway resistances，Raw)(cmHn 2O·s)，第30天按照分组要求对4组大鼠进行腹腔注射干预措施，3 min后进行气道反应性测定。采用n t检验和Fisher确切概率法对实验数据进行分析。n 结果:实验第1天，与对照组A组比较，B1组、B2组、B3组大鼠腹腔注射前基线气道阻力(3.27±0.74比3.35±0.65、3.30±0.81比3.35±0.65、3.41±0.68比3.35±0.65)差异无统计学意义(n t＝0.230，n P>0.05、n t＝0.136，n P>0.05、n t＝0.180，n P>0.05)；实验第15天，与对照组A组干预后1、2、3、5、10 min的气道阻力比较，B1组在1、2 min气道阻力(4.15±1.27比3.95±0.89、4.74±1.05比3.78±0.85)差异无统计学意义(n t＝0.365，n P>0.05、n t＝2.010，n P>0.05)，在3、5 min气道阻力(4.92±1.33比3.55±0.69、4.89±1.43比3.47±0.71)差异有统计学意义(n t＝2.586，n P0.05)，在2、3、5 min气道阻力(6.01±1.47比3.78±0.85、6.95±1.68比3.55±0.69、5.75±1.52比3.47±0.71)差异有统计学意义(n t＝3.715，n P0.05)、B2组75%差异有统计学意义(n P0.05,n t=0.180, n P>0.05). On the 15th day of the experiment, compared with the airway resistance of control group A at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 min after intervention, there were no significant difference in the airway resistance of B1 group at 1 min and 2 min (4.15±1.27 vs. 3.95±0.89, 4.74±1.05 vs. 3.78±0.85,n t=0.365, n P>0.05,n t=2.010, n P>0.05), there was statistically significant difference in airway resistance at 3 min and 5 min (4.92±1.33 vs. 3.55±0.69, 4.89±1.43 vs. 3.47±0.71,n t=2.586, n P0.05), and there was significant difference in airway resistance at 2, 3 and 5 min (6.01±1.47 vs. 3.78±0.85, 6.95±1.68 vs. 3.55±0.69, 5.75±1.52 vs. 3.47±0.71,n t=3.715, n P0.05), 75% in group B2 (n P<0.05), and 87.5% in group B3 (n P<0.05).n Conclusion:The effects of intraperitoneal injection of sufentanil on airway resistance and responsiveness in SD rats were dose dependent, and the effects of sufentanil on airway respiratory system were significant. But this kind of change increases gradually in a short time and reaches the peak, then gradually weakens.