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物理学是一门实验科学,其理论建立在生活经验、生产实践和科学实验基础上的。物理问题又是从实际现象中概括或抽象出来的。而初中物理教育对象是12—15岁的青少年,他们需要直觉来认识事物并感知规律。因此物理教学应尽可能地运用演示实验、分组实验、探索性实验,并利用多媒体摄影头、幻灯片等手段尽可能地展示物理情景,引发兴趣,开拓思维,领悟物理规律的发现过程和实质,使学生有以下体验:(1)丰富感性认识,提高学习兴趣;(2)启发思维,增强探索能力;(3)培养观察能力,掌握实验技能;(4)培养分析能力,认识物理规律发现过程;(5)养成良好习惯,学会科学方法等。如《欧姆定律》教学,改变传统验证性实验,变为探索性实验,首先引导学生动手实验、观察分析、归纳欧姆定律,完成认识的第一次飞跃,然后应用欧姆定律进行公式变形,计算有关 U、I、R,初步解决实
Physics is an experimental science, and its theory is based on life experience, production practice, and scientific experiments. Physical problems are again summarized or abstracted from actual phenomena. Junior high school physics education targets 12 to 15 year-olds. They need intuition to recognize things and perceive laws. Therefore, physics teaching should use demonstration experiments, grouping experiments, and exploratory experiments as much as possible, and use multimedia camera heads, slides, and other means to display physical scenes as much as possible, trigger interest, develop thinking, and comprehend the discovery process and essence of physical laws. Students are given the following experiences: (1) to enrich their perceptual knowledge and improve their interest in learning; (2) to inspire thinking and enhance their ability to explore; (3) to develop observation skills and master experimental skills; (4) to develop analytical skills and to understand the discovery process of physical laws (5) Develop good habits, learn scientific methods, etc. Such as “Ohm’s Law” teaching, changing the traditional verification experiments, to become exploratory experiments, first guide students to hands-on experiments, observation and analysis, induction of Ohm’s law, to complete the first leap in understanding, and then use Ohm’s law to formulate a formula to calculate the relevant U, I, R, preliminary solution