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为了探讨微生物肥及其与复合肥料混施在微灌苹果上的田间应用效果,在所有肥料均采用撒施的条件下,以常规春施尿素(1.5kg/株)为对照(CK),研究了春季一次性单施微生物肥(施用量5.0 kg/株)和微生物肥减半后与专用掺混肥料结合施用(微生物肥2.5kg/株垣专用掺混肥料2.5 kg/株)对新世界苹果产量、品质以及翌年成花坐果的影响。结果表明,施用微生物肥可提高苹果产量,增大单果重和果形指数,显著提高翌年的成花率和花序坐果率,但会降低果实硬度和可溶性固形物含量,其中,微生物肥与专用掺混肥料混施对增大单果重和提高产量的效果明显好于微生物肥单施,但二者对果型、果实内在品质以及翌年成花率和花序坐果率的影响效果差异均不明显。在微灌苹果上可以用微生物肥代替部分化肥和有机肥,达到增产增效的目的,其中,微生物肥与专用掺混肥料混施的效果好于单施化肥和单施微生物肥。
In order to investigate the application effect of microbial fertilizer and compound fertilizer mixed with micro-irrigation on the field of micro-irrigation apples, the conventional spring application of urea (1.5kg / plant) was used as control (CK) In the spring, single application of microbial fertilizer (application rate of 5.0 kg / plant) and half of microbial fertilizer were combined with special compound fertilizer (2.5 kg of microbial fertilizer / 2.5 kg of plant-specific mixed fertilizer) Yield, quality and the impact of the flowering fruit set the following year. The results showed that the application of microbial fertilizer could increase the yield of apple, increase the fruit weight and fruit shape index, and significantly increase the flower inflorescence rate and inflorescence fruit rate of the following year, but decreased the firmness and soluble solid content of the fruit. Among them, The effect of mixed fertilizer on increasing single fruit weight and yield was obviously better than that of microbial fertilizer alone. However, the effect of mixed fertilizer on fruit quality, internal quality of fruit and the inflorescence rate and inflorescence fruit setting rate were not obvious. In the micro-irrigation apples, microbial fertilizers can be used instead of part of fertilizers and organic fertilizers to achieve the purpose of increasing production and increasing efficiency. Among them, microbial fertilizers and special mixed fertilizers are better than single chemical fertilizers and single microbial fertilizers.