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改革开放以来,我国农村普遍推行了家庭联产承包责任制,农村税费负担主体由集体转移到农民,使得农民对负担的变化更敏感,感受更直接。在改革之初, 农民收入大幅度上升,负担增幅低于收入增幅,农民负担相对平稳。从80年代后期开始,出现了农民负担加重的问题,农民收入增长相对停滞,农民负担高位运行。进入90年代,农民负担过重的问题日益突出,减轻农民负担便成了政府每年的一项重要工作,也成了学界经久不衰的热门话题。
Since the reform and opening up, the household contract responsibility system has been universally implemented in rural areas in our country. The burden of rural tax burden is transferred from the collective to the peasants, making the peasants more sensitive to changes in the burden and feeling more directly. At the beginning of the reform, the income of peasants rose sharply, the burden of increase was lower than that of income, and the peasants’ burden was relatively stable. Since the late 1980s, the problem of aggravating farmers’ burden has arisen. Peasant income growth has stagnated and peasant burden has been on a high ground. Since the 1990s, the peasants have become overburdened with the problem of becoming overburdened. Reducing the peasants’ burden has become an important annual work of the government and has become a hot topic for the academic community.