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目的 分析 10 3例青年和老年急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者的临床特点和心理状态。方法 将 10 3例AMI患者按年龄分为老年组和青年组 ,并对二组的临床特点和心理状态进行分析。结果 ①青年组AMI均为男性 ,吸烟占 95 .5 % ,饮酒占 90 .9% ,均明显高于老年组 (P <0 .0 1)。老年组AMI有高血压病占 4 8.1% ,高脂血症占 6 0 .5 % ,糖尿病占 34.6 % ,均明显高于青年组 (P <0 .0 5 )。②青年组AMI患者以焦虑为主 ,占 5 9.1% ,与老年组比较差异有统计学意义 ,老年组患者以抑郁为主 ,占 4 5 .7% ,二组比较差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。③青年组有典型心绞痛19例 ,占 86 .3% ,与老年组比较差异有统计学意义。④二组比较 ,老年组病死率高于青年组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 男性、大量吸烟、大量饮酒是青年AMI的主要危险因素 ;而高血压病、糖尿病等并发症是老年AMI的主要危险因素。青年AMI以焦虑为主 ,症状典型 ;而老年AMI以抑郁为主 ,症状不典型 ,并发症多 ,病死率高
Objective To analyze the clinical features and psychological status of 103 young and old patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods A total of 103 AMI patients were divided into the elderly group and the young group by age, and the clinical features and psychological status of the two groups were analyzed. Results ① The AMI of young people were all male, accounting for 95.5% of smoking and 90.9% of drinking, all of which were significantly higher than those of elderly group (P <0.01). Elderly patients with hypertension AMI accounted for 4 8.1%, hyperlipemia 60.5%, diabetes accounted for 34.6%, were significantly higher than the youth group (P <0.05). ② The AMI patients in youth group were mainly anxiety, accounting for 5 9.1%, with significant difference compared with the elderly group, while the elderly patients were mainly depression, accounting for 45.7%, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0 .0 5). ③ There were 19 cases of typical angina in the youth group, accounting for 86.3%. There was significant difference compared with the elderly group. ④Compared with the two groups, the mortality rate in the elderly group was higher than that in the young group (P <0.05). Conclusions Male, heavy smoking and heavy drinking are the main risk factors for AMI in young people. The complications such as hypertension and diabetes are the major risk factors for AMI in the elderly. Young AMI mainly anxiety, the typical symptoms; and elderly AMI mainly depression, atypical symptoms, complications, high mortality