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目的了解西安地区流行性腮腺炎的流行特征,为预测疾病发病趋势、预防和控制疾病提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学分析方法对西安市流行性腮腺炎病例进行分析。结果西安市2012年报告9 501例,发病率为111.60/10万,2013年4 201例,发病率为49.16/10万;发病主要集中在4-7月份,12月至次年1月发病呈现上升趋势;雁塔区、碑林区和莲湖区等城区发病率高;发病以小年龄段为主,9岁年龄组发病率最高,15岁以上发病率大幅度下降。结论在西安地区实施国家扩大免疫规划,在西安地区防控腮腺炎已经初见成效,下一步如何提高腮腺炎疫苗接种率将发病率控制在较低水平是防控关键。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of mumps in Xi’an and to provide a scientific basis for predicting the trend of the disease and preventing and controlling the disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the cases of mumps in Xi’an. Results A total of 9 501 cases were reported in 2012 in Xi’an City, with a prevalence of 111.60 / 100 000. In 2013, 4 201 cases were reported with a prevalence of 49.16 / 100 000. The incidence mainly concentrated in April-July and December-January in January Up trend; Yanta District, Beilin District and Lianhu District urban areas such as high incidence; incidence of small age-based, the highest incidence of 9-year-old age group, a significant decline in the incidence of over 15 years of age. Conclusion The implementation of the national expansion of immunization program in Xi’an has achieved initial success in the prevention and control of mumps in Xi’an. It is crucial to prevent and control the incidence of mumps vaccination at a low level in the next step.