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从历史逻辑看,是先有现代民主政治与国家民主,后有现代政党与党内民主,党内民主是国家民主的泛化或借喻。在不同国家,历史传统、政党—国家—社会关系、政治理念不同,政党观念存在“国家机关说”、“社会团体说”、“国家—社会中介说”之别;国家民主与党内民主之关系,在理论上也存在“一致说”、“无关说”、“修正适用说”之分野。二战以后,政党政治民主化、制度化、规范化成为法治国家的基本要求,但各国情况不一;根据法律对党内民主的要求与规范情况,可分为以英国为代表的法律默认型、以法意为代表的抽象规范型、以美国为代表的择要规范型、以德国为代表的全面规范型四种类型。我国国情与党情决定了,要坚持以党内民主带动人民民主,但必须适应依法治国的要求,通过国家基本制度平台来实现二者的互动。
From the perspective of historical logic, there are the first modern democratic politics and national democracy, the second the modern political parties and intra-party democracy, the intra-party democracy is the generalization or metaphor of national democracy. In different countries, the historical traditions, political parties, state-society relations and political ideas are different. The concepts of political parties are different from those of “state organs”, “social groups say”, “state-social intermediaries” There is also a theoretical distinction between democracy and inner-party democracy. There is also a distinction in theory between “consistent”, “irrelevant”, “correct applicable”. After World War II, the political democratization, institutionalization and standardization of party politics have become the basic requirements of a country ruled by law. However, the conditions of different countries are different. According to the requirements and norms of inner-party democracy, the law can be divided into legal defaults represented by Britain, France is the representative of the abstract normative, represented by the United States as the most important normative to Germany as the representative of the four types of comprehensive normative. China’s national conditions and the determination of the party’s situation must insist on promoting democracy through inner-party democracy, but it must meet the requirements of governing the country according to law and realize the interaction through the platform of the state’s basic system.