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根据Chomsky的X-阶标理论,句子结构和短语结构一样也是一种向心结构。它以屈折词“I”为中心语构成短语IP。时态分句的中心语“I”具有[+Tense]的特征,担负句子中心成分和指派并核查主语NP主格两项语法职能,被称为“强I”。但非时态分句的中心语“I”具有[-Tense]的特征,作为句子中心成分却没有能力指派并核查主语NP的主格,被称为“弱I”。“弱I”的“无能”使非时态分句的主语为了得到合法生存的资格而各显其能:或借助于其它成分的帮助,或进行移位委身于有格的位置,或隐身于分句的主语位置以获取主语资格,而缺乏屈折变化的汉语则相对较简单。
According to Chomsky’s X-stage theory, the sentence structure and the phrase structure are also a centripetal structure. It takes the inflection word “I ” as its central phrase to form the phrase IP. The central term “I ” of the tense clauses has the feature of [+ Tense], the syntactic function of taking the center of the sentence and assigning and checking the NP of the subject as “strong I”. However, the central word “I ” of a non-temporal clause has the characteristic of [-Tense]. As the central component of a sentence, it has no ability to assign and check the subject NP, which is called “weak I”. “Weak I ” “incompetence ” so that the subject of non-temporal clause in order to be eligible for legal survival and each show their ability: or with the help of other components, or to shift the commitment of qualified position , Or stealth in the clauses of subject position to obtain the subject qualifications, while the lack of inflectional Chinese is relatively simple.