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目的考察2010年全国麻疹强化免疫活动(简称“强免”)在北京市适龄流动儿童中的覆盖率及其影响因素,为制定改善流动儿童预防免疫的干预措施提供依据。方法本研究基于相关研究基础上的自编问卷,于2011年春运期间在北京各大火车站、汽车站对流动儿童家长进行问卷调查,并对数据进行描述性和多元逻辑回归分析。结果在589个(8个月~14周岁)流动儿童的有效样本中,麻疹强免接种率为83.4%。在家里或上幼儿园、无兄弟姐妹、父母不知晓麻疹强免活动、父母对活动信任度低的儿童不接受强免的可能性较高。结论流动儿童仍面临麻疹预防接种不足的风险。为提高流动儿童预防免疫的覆盖率,一方面要继续发挥教育机构的积极作用,另一方面要加强社区层面针对流动人口的公共卫生服务递送的能力。
Objective To investigate the coverage and influencing factors of 2010 national measles-based immunization (“Qiangqian”) in migrant children of the same age in Beijing and provide the basis for formulating interventions to improve the immunization of migrant children. Methods Based on the self-compiled questionnaire based on the related research, this study conducted a questionnaire survey among migrant children’s parents at major railway stations and bus stations in Beijing during the Spring Festival in 2011. The data were analyzed by descriptive and multivariate logistic regression. Results Among the valid samples of 589 migrant children (8 months to 14 years old), the rate of immunization against measles immunization was 83.4%. At home or in kindergarten, no siblings, parents are not aware of measles quarantine activities, and parents with low trust in children are less likely to be stigmatized. Conclusion Migrant children are still at risk of under vaccination. To increase the coverage of immunization for migrant children, we must continue to play an active role in educational institutions on the one hand, and at the community level, we should strengthen the delivery of public health services to migrant workers at the community level.