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用溶胶-凝胶法制备硅溶胶对碳纤维进行表面改性,观测了环氧树脂液滴在单向排列碳纤维集束表面的铺展过程;以环氧树脂为基体制备单向排列的碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料,研究了硅溶胶改性处理碳纤维对其拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:碳纤维经过硅溶胶改性处理后,Si—o—Si,-NH_2等极性官能团的引入改善了环氧树脂对其的浸润性能,从而改善了碳纤维与环氧树脂间的界面粘结性能,使碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的横向拉伸强度显著改善,但纵向拉伸强度影响不大;与未经过表面处理的复合材料相比,经过硅溶胶改性处理的碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料其横向拉伸强度提高了62.74%;与用硝酸处理的碳纤维制备的复合材料相比,用硝酸处理后再用硅溶胶处理的碳纤维所制备的复合材料,其横向拉伸强度提高了35.27%。
Silica sol was prepared by sol-gel method. The surface of carbon fiber was modified by epoxy resin. The spreading process of epoxy resin droplets on the surface of unidirectional carbon fiber bundles was observed. Epoxy resin was used to prepare unidirectional carbon fiber / epoxy resin Composites, the effect of silica sol modified carbon fiber on its tensile properties was studied. The results show that the introduction of polar functional groups such as Si-o-Si and -NH_2 improves the wettability of epoxy resin after the carbon fiber is modified by silica sol, so as to improve the interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and epoxy resin Performance, the carbon fiber / epoxy composite material transverse tensile strength significantly improved, but the longitudinal tensile strength has little effect; and without the surface treatment of composite materials, after silica sol modified carbon fiber / epoxy resin The transverse tensile strength of the composites increased by 62.74%. Compared with the composites prepared with nitric acid treated carbon fibers, the composites prepared with nitrocellulose and treated with silica sol had a transverse tensile strength of 35.27 %.