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1 “森林和水”研究的起源在日本,河水是由森林流域的降雨形成的。对于水源地区被破坏而形成的洪水、泥沙、河川断流等灾害,自古以来已有所认识。而在欧洲根据17世纪后半叶的水文资料可以证明,河水是由降雨、降雪形成的,所以,由于森林破坏引起的洪水、泥沙灾害就不容易直观理解。17世纪以来,水文学的研究随着近代科学发展的潮流也取得了很大的进展,特别是近代水文学,产生于产业技术革命引起的科学技术新发展的18世纪中期,从19世纪后期到20世纪初期,降雨——径流预测技术得到了很大发展。自古以来对“森林和水”进行了大量的观测和研究,但有科学性的研究却并没有多长的历史,各个时期都有一定的发展。
1 The Origin of Forest and Water Research In Japan, river water is formed by rainfall in forest basins. Disasters such as floods, sediment and river drains caused by the destruction of water source areas have been known since ancient times. In Europe, on the basis of the hydrological data of the second half of the 17th century, it can be proved that river water is formed by rainfall and snowfall. Therefore, silt disasters are not easily understood intuitively due to the flood caused by forest destruction. Since the 17th century, great progress has been made in the study of hydrology with the trend of modern scientific development. In particular, modern hydrology came into being during the mid-18th century when new developments in science and technology were caused by the industrial technological revolution. From the late 19th century to the mid- Early 20th century, rainfall - runoff forecasting technology has been greatly developed. Since ancient times, “forest and water” carried out a large number of observations and studies, but there is not a long history of scientific research, each period has a certain development.