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目的了解2012年绵阳市蔬菜、水果和粮食中16种有机磷农药残留量,为食用农产品的监管提供科学依据。方法从绵阳市各类超市、农贸市场和农户随机购买样品,采用NY/T761-2008气相色谱法进行分析,根据GB2763-2012《食品中农药最大残留限量》判定。结果 138份蔬菜、水果和粮食样品中16种有机磷农药残留全部合格样品116份,总合格率为84.1%。有机磷农药残留量检出率分别为粮食11.1%,蔬菜57.8%和水果33.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有机磷农药残留超标率分别为蔬菜16.7%、水果16.7%和粮食11.1%,其中茎叶花菜类35.0%。不同季节样品有机磷农药残留检出率和超标率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。超市、农贸市场和农户3种不同来源样品有机磷农药残留量超标率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 2012年绵阳市蔬菜、水果和粮食中有机磷农药残留均有检出,茎叶花菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重。
Objective To understand the residues of 16 organophosphorus pesticide residues in vegetables, fruits and grains in Mianyang City in 2012 and provide a scientific basis for the regulation of edible agricultural products. Methods Samples were randomly purchased from all kinds of supermarkets, farmers’ markets and farmers in Mianyang City. The samples were analyzed by NY / T761-2008 gas chromatography and judged according to GB2763-2012 “Maximum Residues of Pesticides in Foods”. Results A total of 116 qualified samples of 16 organophosphorus pesticide residues from 138 vegetables, fruits and grain samples were obtained. The total qualified rate was 84.1%. The detection rates of organophosphorus pesticide residues were 11.1% of grain, 57.8% of vegetables and 33.3% of fruits, respectively, with a significant difference (P <0.05). The exceeding standard rates of organophosphorus pesticide residues were 16.7% for vegetables, 16.7% for fruits and 11.1% for food, among which 35.0% were stems and cauliflower. There was significant difference between the detection rate of organophosphorus pesticide residues and the exceeding rate in different season samples (P <0.05). There were no significant differences in the excess of organophosphorus pesticide residues in the samples of supermarkets, farmers’ markets and farmers from three different sources (P> 0.05). Conclusion In 2012, the residues of organophosphorus pesticides in vegetables, fruits and grains were all detected in Mianyang City. The residues of pesticides in stem-cauliflower vegetables were more serious.