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目的 研究长期经鼻吸收药物对鼻粘膜结构的影响及可逆性 ,为鼻粘膜给药途径长期应用的可行性提供依据。方法 使用硫酸庆大霉素给家兔滴鼻 ,在用药后 3,5 ,7,14 ,2 1及 2 8天 ,并在停药后的同时使用保护鼻粘膜的药物一至三周 ,取鼻粘膜进行光镜和透射电镜观察。结果 用药后 3- 7天出现渐进性鼻粘膜损伤的改变 ,二至四周鼻粘膜损伤越来越严重 ,可出现部分区域上皮的脱落 ,但基底膜完整。停药后 1- 3周内上皮细胞及纤毛迅速修复。结论 药物对鼻粘膜虽可产生损伤作用 ,但可以再生修复 ,鼻内给药途径是有可行性的。
Objective To study the long-term nasal absorption of drugs on nasal mucosa structure and reversibility of nasal mucosa for long-term route of administration to provide the basis for the feasibility. Methods Gentamicin sulphate was given to the rabbits for nasal instillation. At 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the drug was administered, the nasal mucosa drug was used for one to three weeks after drug withdrawal, Mucosal light and transmission electron microscopy. Results 3-7 days after treatment, gradual change of nasal mucosal injury occurred. The damage of nasal mucosa was more and more serious in two to four weeks. Some areas of epithelium could be shed but the basement membrane was intact. Epithelial cells and cilia rapidly repair within 1-3 weeks after discontinuation. Conclusion Although the drug can cause damage to the nasal mucosa, it can be regenerated and repaired, and the route of intranasal administration is feasible.