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文革前十七年文学批评以现实主义理论为经典原则,建构起严苛的以政治为本位的现实主义意识形态。但在具体的批评实践中,文艺批评又并非完全限制于意识形态的政治规训,而是在可能的范围内维护艺术的自律与创作的自由。对典型人物塑造的批评与讨论反映了文革前十七年文学批评在政治性与艺术性之间平衡摇摆的“周旋”与“困境”。
In the first seventeen years of the Cultural Revolution, literary criticism used the theory of realism as its classical principle, and constructed a strict ideology of realism based on politics. However, in the specific practice of criticism, the criticism of literature and art is not completely limited to the political discipline of ideology. Instead, it maintains the freedom of artistic self-discipline and creation to the extent possible. The criticism and discussion of the typical figures reflects the “swirling” and “dilemma” of the balance between the political and the artistic aspects of literary criticism in the first seventeen years of the Cultural Revolution.