论文部分内容阅读
分别对小兴安岭凉水自然保护区天然红松林土壤中木炭、火烧木疤痕和林分组成进行了调查,探讨了火干扰对森林形成和演替的生态作用。在不同年代发生火干扰的林分中,抽样挖掘木炭,测量木炭块的大小和分布深度,记录各林分结构特征和红松更新状况,并根据树木火疤圆盘确定火干扰年代。本研究选择了50hm2火干扰林分,对火烧疤痕木进行详细调查,并在其中设置样地,调查各样地林分组成和红松径阶结构。结果表明:Ⅰ.不同火干扰年代的林分,土壤中的木炭平均深度与火干扰发生的时间关系密切。Ⅱ.根据火干扰林分中火烧木疤痕的调查,绘制火行为动态图,证明火烧方向和火干扰程度与立地条件关系密切。Ⅲ.火干扰并未完全地破坏森林,仅仅是导致林分中不同地点上林分组成和红松径阶结构的差异明显。火干扰后,整个林分的水平结构是一个由不同树种组成和不同红松径阶结构的树木群团构成的镶嵌体,各树木群团的演替趋势不同。在火干扰较重的地点,阳性阔叶树种占优势,阔叶树下更新有大量的红松小树;在火干扰较轻的地点,耐阴性阔叶树种占优势,并有少量大径阶红松;在火干扰轻微的地点,大径阶的红松占优势。图6表2参19。
The charcoal, burned wood scars and their stand composition in natural Korean pine forest in Xiaoxing’anling Liangshui Nature Reserve were investigated. The ecological effects of fire disturbance on forest formation and succession were discussed. In different ages of forest fire disturbance, charcoal was excavated to measure the charcoal block size and depth of distribution, record the structural characteristics of each forest and Korean pine regeneration status, and fire arbor disc firewood determined according to the age. In this study, 50hm2 fire disturbance forest was selected to conduct a detailed investigation of fire scar wood and set up plots to investigate the forest stand composition and red pine diameter structure. The results showed that: Ⅰ. The average depth of charcoal in the stands of different fire disturbance ages was closely related to the time of fire disturbance. Ⅱ.According to the investigation of burning wood scars in fire disturbance forest, the fire behavior diagram was drawn to prove that the direction of fire and the degree of fire disturbance are closely related to site conditions. III. Fire disturbance did not completely destroy the forest, but caused obvious difference in stand structure and Korean pine diameter structure at different sites in the forest. After fire disturbance, the horizontal structure of the whole stands is a mosaic composed of tree groups with different tree species and different Korean pine radial-graded structures, and the succession trends of different groups of trees are different. In the places with high disturbance of fire, the dominant broad-leaved species dominated and the broad-leaved trees were regenerated with a large number of red-pine trees. In the locations with less disturbance of fire, dominant-negative broad-leaved trees dominated with a few large- Fire disturbance minor sites, large-diameter pine dominate. Figure 6 Table 2 参 19.