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复杂近地表引起来自深部构造的地震反射信号振幅和相位的异常变化,是影响复杂近地表地区地震资料品质的主要原因.本文采用边界元体积元方法,通过求解含复杂地表的波动积分方程,来模拟地震波在复杂近地表构造中的传播.其中,边界元法模拟地形起伏和表层地质结构对地震波传播的影响;体积元法模拟起伏地表下非均质低降速层的影响.与其他数值模拟方法比较,其主要优点为几何上精确描述不规则地表界面,实现精确模拟自由表面对地震波的边界散射;显式应用近地表地层界面的连续边界条件,实现半解析的数值模拟;分区处理近地表复杂结构,有效模拟复杂地表下非均匀介质对地震波场的体散射.数值试验结果表明了该方法的实用性和有效性.
The main reason for the seismic data quality in complex near-surface region is the main reason that the complex near surface changes the amplitude and phase of the seismic reflection signal from the deep structure in the near-surface region.In this paper, by using the boundary element voxel method, by solving the wave integral equation with complex surface Simulation seismic wave propagation in complex near-surface structures, in which the boundary element method simulates the influence of topography and topography on the seismic wave propagation, and the volume element method simulates the effect of fluctuating subsurface heterogeneous low-velocity layer.Compared with other numerical simulations The main advantage of this method is that the irregular surface surface can be precisely described geometrically, and the boundary scattering of free surface to seismic wave can be accurately simulated. Semi-analytical numerical simulation can be realized by applying the continuous boundary conditions of the near surface layer interface. Complex structure that effectively simulates the bulk scattering of seismic wavefields caused by complex inhomogeneous media under complex subsurfaces.The numerical results show the practicability and effectiveness of this method.