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目的探究动物密切接触者的吸烟、饮酒、喝茶习惯与金葡菌携带的关系。方法采用现况研究,对动物密切接触者进行鼻拭子采样和问卷调查,采用Logistic回归分析影响因素。结果金葡菌携带率为14.5%,耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA)携带率为3.8%。金葡菌携带与性别、吸烟、喝茶有关,其中女性携带率(22.1%)明显高于男性(12.5%),现在每天吸烟(OR=0.34,95%CI 0.18~0.64)、既往每天吸烟(OR=0.50,95%CI 0.28~0.91)和喝茶(OR=0.53,95%CI 0.31~0.89)者携带金葡菌的风险明显低于非暴露组。MRSA携带与性别、职业、现在吸烟有关,女性MRSA携带率(9.5%)和饲养员/兽医MRSA的携带率(7.9%)明显较高,现在每天吸烟者MRSA携带风险(OR=0.26,95%CI 0.07~0.93)明显低于不吸烟者。结论动物密切接触者(特别是女性和饲养员/兽医)是金葡菌和MRSA携带的高危人群,需加强对动物密切接触者的公共卫生监管。
Objective To explore the relationship between smoking, drinking, drinking habits and the carrying of Staphylococcus aureus in close contacts of animals. Methods Based on the current situation, nasal swab samples and questionnaires were collected from close contacts of animals, and the influencing factors were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results Staphylococcus aureus carrying rate was 14.5%, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carrying rate of 3.8%. Staphylococcus aureus was associated with sex, smoking and tea drinking. Among them, the carrying rate of women (22.1%) was significantly higher than that of men (12.5%), smoking now daily (OR = 0.34,95% CI 0.18-0.64) OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.28-0.91) and drinking tea (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.31-0.89) were significantly lower than those of non-exposed group. MRSA carries a significantly higher rate of MRSA carriage (9.5%) and breeder / veterinary MRSA carriage (7.9%) associated with sex, occupation, and current smoking, and is now associated with a daily risk for MRSA in smokers (OR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.07 ~ 0.93) was significantly lower than non-smoker. Conclusions Close contacts of animals (especially women and breeders / veterinarians) are at-risk populations of S. aureus and MRSA and require increased public health oversight of close animal contacts.