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从柴达木盆地中西部采集土样59份,涵盖的生态类型有:沙漠、戈壁、湿地、小镇-绿洲等。分离获得暗色丝孢菌108株,经鉴定分属于15属。利用种群优势度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、物种均匀度、生态位宽度四项指数,对柴达木盆地中西部不同生境土壤中的有关暗色丝孢菌物种(属级)进行物种多样性分析。结果表明,该地区土壤中暗色丝孢菌的物种优势度存在明显差异:沙漠生境中,链格孢属Alternaria和细基格孢属Ulocladium真菌优势度较高;戈壁生境中,单格孢属Monodictys真菌的优势度最高;湿地和小镇-绿洲生境中,则分别以瓶霉属Phialophora和枝孢属Cladosporium真菌占优势。在小镇-绿洲生境中,土壤暗色丝孢菌的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高,均匀度较低;而在沙漠和戈壁生境中多样性指数明显较低,而物种的均匀度较高。在上述四类生境中,链格孢属Alternaria和细基格孢属Ulocladium真菌具有较宽的生态位,为广适性物种;而平脐蠕孢属Bipolaris、卷旋孢属Cirrenaria、弯孢属Curvularia、矛束霉属Doratomyces、粘束孢属Graphium、漆斑霉属Myrothecium、齿梗孢属Scolecobasidium、帚霉属Scopulariopsis、节隔孢属Scytalidium和葡萄穂霉属Stachybotrys10个属真菌的生态位较窄,为狭适性物种。
A total of 59 soil samples were collected from the central and western parts of the Qaidam Basin, covering the following ecological types: desert, Gobi, wetlands and small towns - oases. 108 strains of dark-colored hyphomycetes were isolated and identified, belonging to 15 genera. Based on the four indices of dominance, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, species evenness and niche breadth, the species diversity of C. occidentalis in different habitats in central and western Qaidam basin was analyzed . The results showed that there were significant differences in the species dominance of the soil dark-colored hyphomycetes in the area. Among the desert habitats, Alternaria Alternaria and Ulocladium had a higher dominance. In the Gobi Habitat, Monodictys Fungi had the highest dominance; wetlands and small towns-oasis habitats were dominated by Phialophora and Cladosporium, respectively. In the small town-oasis habitat, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of soil dark-colored hyphomycetes is the highest and the evenness is low. However, in the desert and Gobi habitats, the diversity index is significantly lower and the species uniformity is higher. Among the above four habitats, Alternaria Alternaria and Ulocladium have a wide niche and are widely adapted species, while Bipolaris, Cirrenaria, Curvularia, Doratomyces, Graphium, Myrothecium, Scolecobasidium, Scopulariopsis, Scytalidium and Stachybotrys. The fungi of 10 genus have narrower niche , For the narrow species.