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噪声既是衡量机器质量好坏的标准之一,又是污染环境的公害之一。为进行噪声控制首先要对其噪声水平和频谱特性进行测量与分析。当用声功率级来表示机器噪声高低时,测量结果受到多种因素影响,尤其是测量环境不同对测量结果影响甚大。本文以电机和木工机床为例,通过实测试验分析,探讨在不同声场环境,采用不同修正方法对噪声现场测试结果的影响。为保证工程级测试精度,要求环境反射修正值K_2应小于2 dB,文中介绍了降低K2的几个途径,以供噪声现场测量与分析参考。
Noise is not only a measure of the quality of the machine one of the standards, but also one of the pollution of the environment. In order to carry on noise control, we must first measure and analyze its noise level and spectrum characteristics. When using the sound power level to represent the level of machine noise, the measurement results are affected by many factors, especially the different measurement environments have a great impact on the measurement results. In this paper, motor and woodworking machine tools are taken as an example. The effects of different correction methods on the noise field test results are discussed in different sound field conditions through field test analysis. In order to ensure the test accuracy of engineering level, the correction value K_2 of environment reflection is required to be less than 2 dB. Several ways to reduce K2 are introduced in this paper, which are used as reference for measurement and analysis of noise in the field.