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目的利用学前50项筛查,早期发现入学前儿童存在的学习能力问题,进行早期干预。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,在石家庄市4个主城区各随机抽取1所幼儿园,经问卷调查剔除有遗传病、精神病家族史,早产、围产期异常,窒息、脑炎及脑外伤史,对纳入调查的180名大班学生进行入学前50项测评。结果 180名学龄前儿童中,异常率(5~5.5岁得分<24,~6岁得分<28,~6.5岁得分<32)为2.78%,可疑率(5~5.5岁得分24~29,~6岁得分28~33,~6.5岁得分32~36)为11.67%,其中,自我认识、运动、记忆等方面能力较高,思维、观察能力较低。结论幼儿园大班儿童应加强思维及观察能力方面的培养,为其顺利适应小学学习做准备。
Objective To detect pre-school children’s learning ability by using 50 pre-school screening tests and make early intervention. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1 kindergarten randomly from 4 main urban districts of Shijiazhuang City. The subjects were divided into 3 groups: genetic disease, family history of psychosis, premature birth, abnormal perinatal period, asphyxia, encephalitis and traumatic brain injury , The top 50 students who entered the survey were enrolled in the 180 big class students included in the survey. Results Among 180 pre-school children, the abnormality rate was 2.78% (5 ~ 5.5 years, <24, 6 ~ 6 years old, <6.5 years old) <32, 6-year-old score 28-33, ~ 6.5-year-old score 32-36) was 11.67%, of which, self-awareness, exercise, memory and other aspects of higher ability, thinking, observation ability is low. Conclusion Kindergarten children in large classes should enhance their ability of thinking and observation to prepare for their smooth adaptation to primary school learning.