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“图式”是现代西方哲学、心理学和美学的重要概念。在康德那里,图式完全是一个先验的概念。经由沃尔夫林、贡布里希等人的阐释,图式转而成为一个带有艺术史和心理学方法论意义的经验概念。图式论不仅能够用以研究西方艺术史,亦可用来阐述中国历代人物画中的美学观念形成及其演变的内在原因,“他山之石,可以攻玉”。本文尝试借助图式说,探究中国上古时期人物画美学的线条、气晕、构图等命题和观念的成因,以期获得一些新的发现。
“Schema ” is an important concept of modern western philosophy, psychology and aesthetics. In Kant, schemas are completely a priori concepts. Through the interpretations of Wolflin and Gombrich, the schema turns into an empirical concept with the meaning of art history and methodology of psychology. Schemata can not only be used to study the history of Western art, but also can be used to elaborate on the formation and evolution of the aesthetic concept in Chinese portraits in the history of the internal causes, “hellstone, you can attack jade ”. This article attempts to explore the causes of the propositions and concepts such as the lines, the dizzy, the composition and so on in the portrait painting of ancient China with the help of schemata to get some new discoveries.