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基于苏北地区2007/2008年的SPOT卫星影像,运用空间韵律测度、核密度分布估计、标准差椭圆、最近邻距离指数、空间邻近度等模型,定量分析苏北地区乡村聚落的空间格局特征并探讨聚落的影响因子。结果表明,苏北地区乡村聚落空间分布存在明显的地域分异格局。淮安盐城地区聚落呈现小而集聚型分布,徐州宿迁连云港地区聚落呈现大而稀疏型分布。聚落分布与地貌、水系、交通等因素具有高度相关性。河流泛滥平原聚落分布不规则,山前冲积平原聚落具有较好的连续性,黄土岗地聚落分布破碎化程度较高。盐城、淮安部分地区聚落平均最邻近水系距离较小,有利于农村居民的生产生活。徐州、连云港、宿迁地区聚落平均最邻近道路距离较小,对内对外交通联系便利。最后文章探讨苏北地区乡村聚落的发展及合理布局的措施。
Based on the SPOT satellite images of northern Jiangsu in 2007/2008, the spatial pattern of rural settlements in northern Jiangsu was quantitatively analyzed using spatial rhythm measure, kernel density distribution estimate, standard deviation ellipse, nearest neighbor distance index and spatial proximity. Discuss the impact factors of settlements. The results show that the spatial distribution of rural settlement in northern Jiangsu has obvious regional differentiation pattern. The settlements in Yancheng area of Huaian show a small and concentrated distribution, and the settlements in Lianyungang, Suqian, Xuzhou show a large and sparse distribution. The distribution of settlements is highly correlated with the topography, water system and transportation. The distribution of river flood plains is irregular, the settlements in altiplano plain have good continuity, and the distribution of loess hill land is more fragmented. Yancheng, Huai’an in some areas the average distance between the nearest water system is relatively small, is conducive to the production and living of rural residents. In Xuzhou, Lianyungang and Suqian, the average distance between the most adjacent roads in the settlements is small, and the internal and external transport links are convenient. The final article discusses the development of rural settlements in northern Jiangsu and measures for their rational distribution.