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采用环境扫描电镜(ESEM),原位观察了水溶性晶体NaCl和KH2PO4的溶解-结晶过程。研究了ESEM的水湿环境(压力、温度及相对湿度φ)对水溶性晶体结晶形态的影响。通过控制φ值及水蒸汽的蒸发-凝结状态,在600~650 Pa、1~2℃和φ为91%~95%的条件下,形成四方柱和四方锥组合体特征的KH2PO4单晶。采用接近水的饱和蒸汽压曲线的压力和温度的组合条件,得到具有规则晶形的KH2PO4单晶体。
Using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), the dissolution-crystallization process of water-soluble crystals of NaCl and KH2PO4 was observed in situ. The effect of water wet environment (pressure, temperature and relative humidity) of ESEM on the crystal morphology of water-soluble crystals was studied. By controlling the value of φ and the evaporation-condensation state of water vapor, KH2PO4 single crystals characterized by tetragonal and tetragonal pyramids are formed under conditions of 600-650 Pa, 1-2 ° C and 91-95% of φ. Using a combination of pressure and temperature near the saturated vapor pressure curve of water, a single crystal of KH2PO4 with a regular crystal form is obtained.