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我国古代的户口编制,相传出现于夏、商时期,当时是“八家为井,井三为邻,邻三为朋,朋三为里,里五为邑,邑十为都,都十为师,师十为州”。到了周代,国都外的近郊居民,按“五家为比,五比为闾.四闾为族,五族为党,五党为州、五州为乡”之法编制。今人把同县人称为“乡党”,即由此而来。《论语》中有“孔子于乡党,恂恂如也,似不能言者”、可见“乡党”一词,至迟在春秋战国时期已经使用。
In ancient China, the establishment of an account was said to have occurred during the Xia and Shang periods. At that time, “eight were well, three were neighbors, three were friends, three were friends, and five were eups and ten were eighteen Division, division ten for the state. ” In the Zhou dynasty, suburban residents outside the capital city were compiled according to the law of “five for the ratio, five for the village, four for the tribe, five for the party, five for the state and five states for the hometown.” Today people call the same county as the “township party”, that is the result. “The Analects of Confucius” in the “Confucius in the township party, fickle as, but can not say”, we can see that the “township party”, the word has been used by the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.