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不同的文化语境和社会历史条件,造成中西文学体系对共同诗学问题的回答出现差异。西方的思维方式强调对逻辑因果从陈述到证明的过程,西方文论逻辑严密,体系完备;中国思维传统则重视主体独特的经验和从整体上直接把握对象。所以,中国古典文论与西方文论在诗学思维方式上有所不同,中西诗学比较近来也逐渐成为学界研究热点。至20世纪60、70年代西方掀起的理论大潮,文学和文化理论的不断创新和发展,社会学科诸多研究领域都无法摆脱理论革新的影响。在这种状况之下,中国古典诗学也不例外地受到来自西方理论的冲击,或许可以这样说,中国几千年来形成的对文学、文化的解释理论在今天被赋予了带有时代气息的新内容。这些新内容中有对西方理论的大胆吸收;也有当代中国国情的体现;更是中国古典文论历久弥新,重新焕发生命力的表达。本文以“和而不同”这一具有中国文化传统的审美观念作为研究对象,运用文化研究、比较诗学的相关理论,力图梳理出古典文艺思想在现代化语境中的涵义,以及在中西古今的历史大环境下的重建和嬗变。
Different cultural contexts and social and historical conditions have caused the differences between the Chinese and Western literary systems in answering the common poetical questions. The Western way of thinking emphasizes the process of logic causation from presentation to proof. The western literary theory is rigorous and complete in system. Chinese traditional thinking emphasizes on the unique experience of the subject and on the whole directly grasps the object. Therefore, Chinese classical literary theory and western literary theory are different in the way of thinking in the poetics. Chinese and Western poetics have gradually become the research hotspot in the field of learning recently. In the 1960s and 1970s, the theoretical tide triggered by the West, the constant innovation and development of literary and cultural theories, and many fields of social science could not get rid of the influence of theoretical innovation. Under such circumstances, Chinese classical poetics is no exception to the shock from western theories. It may be said that the theory of interpretation of literature and culture formed in China for thousands of years is today endowed with a contemporary flavor New content Among these new contents are the bold absorption of western theories; the embodiment of the current national conditions in China; moreover, the expression of vitality of ancient Chinese literary theory is renewed and renewed. In this paper, the aesthetic concept of “harmony but differentness”, which has the Chinese cultural tradition, is taken as the research object. By using the related theories of cultural studies and comparative poetics, this thesis seeks to sort out the meaning of classical literature and art in the context of modernization, The Reconstruction and Evolution of Ancient and Modern Historical Environment.