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自然界有多种燃烧现象,其中森林燃烧是最复杂的一种。随着现代林火管理的发展,过去所谓的燃烧三要素(即可燃物、空气和一定的温度)已不能完全解释这种复杂的现象。因此,本文提出了森林燃烧环的理论,对森林燃烧现象作了新的解释。该理论从可燃物类形、火源、火环境及火行为等出发,提出了森林燃烧环的概念和结构,来阐明森林燃烧环中各因子之间的相互关系。在实践中,可按森林燃烧环来绘制火险图,作为森林防火规划设计的理论依据;并确定扑火的方式、方法,估测扑火所需要的人力和物力,评价林火损失及制定今后森林恢复应采取的措施;同时森林燃烧环还可确定营林用火安全期,选择有效的方法、技术和指标。
There are many kinds of burning in nature, of which the burning of the forest is the most complicated one. With the development of modern forest fire management, the so-called three elements of combustion in the past (that is, combustibles, air and a certain temperature) can not completely explain this complicated phenomenon. Therefore, this paper puts forward the theory of forest burning ring and gives a new explanation of the phenomenon of forest burning. Based on the types of combustibles, the sources of fire, the environment of fire and the behavior of fire, the theory puts forward the concept and structure of forest burning rings to clarify the interrelationship among various factors in the burning ring of forests. In practice, the fire danger map can be drawn according to the forest burning ring as the theoretical basis for the design of forest fire prevention planning. The methods and methods of fire fighting are also determined. The manpower and material resources needed for fire fighting are estimated. Forest restoration should take measures; at the same time, the forest burning ring can also determine the safety period of forest fires and choose effective methods, techniques and indicators.