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目的:探讨血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在神经母细胞瘤患儿诊断中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析山西省儿童医院2010年1月至2018年1月收治的神经母细胞瘤患儿98例的临床资料(研究组)，另选取该院同期健康体检儿童40例为对照组。研究组分别在确诊时、治疗后检测血清NSE水平，对照组在体检时检测NSE，评估NSE水平变化在儿童神经母细胞瘤诊断中的效能。结果:研究组确诊时血清NSE水平[(98.61±10.42)μg/L]高于对照组[(15.31±1.16)μg/L](n t＝50.325，n P<0.05)；研究组确诊时Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期患儿血清NSE水平分别为(31.56±12.82)μg/L、(78.65±20.1)μg/L、(127.45±32.48)μg/L，呈增高趋势(n F＝111.556，n P＝0.000)。研究组治疗后血清NSE水平[(62.48±7.46)μg/L]低于治疗前[(98.61±10.42)μg/L](n t＝27.910，n P<0.05)，且不同分期患儿血清NSE水平均低于治疗前(均n P<0.05)。以血清NSE为变量，绘制受试者工作特征曲线，曲线下面积为0.815，约登指数0.534，灵敏度71.43%，特异度90.82%。n 结论:血清NSE检测在儿童神经母细胞瘤诊断中有重要作用，且利于判断病情严重程度、治疗效果，诊断性能高。“,”Objective:To evaluate the application value of serum neuron-specific enolase(NSE) in the diagnosis of neuroblastoma in children.Methods:The clinical data of 98 children with neuroblastoma admitted to Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province from January 2010 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed(study group), and 40 healthy children with physical examination during the same period were selected as control group.The serum NSE levels were detected in the study group at the time of diagnosis and after treatment, and in the control group at the time of physical examination, to evaluate the effectiveness of NSE level changes in the diagnosis of neuroblastoma in children.Results:The serum NSE level in the study group[(98.61±10.42)μg/L] was higher than that in the control group[(15.31±1.16)μg/L](n t=50.325, n P<0.05). At the time of diagnosis, the serum NSE levels of stage II, III and IV were (31.56±12.82)μg/L, (78.65±20.1)μg/L and (127.45±32.48)μg/L, respectively, showed an increasing trend(n F=111.556, n P=0.000). The serum NSE level of the study group after treatment[(62.48±7.46)μg/L] was lower than that before treatment[(98.61±10.42)μg/L](n t=27.910, n P<0.05), and the serum NSE levels of children at different stages were lower than those before treatment(alln P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn with serum NSE as the variable, showed the area under the curve of 0.815, the Yoden index of 0.534, the sensitivity of 71.43%, and the specificity of 90.82%.n Conclusion:Serum NSE detection plays an important role in the diagnosis of neuroblastoma in children, and is conducive to the judgment of the severity of the disease, the treatment effect, with high diagnostic performance.It is worthy of clinical promotion.