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由于深受东汉两次党锢之祸的影响,魏晋名士与社会疏离开来,从关心国家命运转而关心个体的生命去向,从树立群体的现世楷模转而寻求个体的精神超越,因而出现了何晏、王弼、孙绰、嵇康、阮籍、郭象、王羲之、谢安等一大批雅好老庄的名士。他们把“生贵于天下”作为自己人生的理想,而把传统儒家立德立功立名的追求置于身心之后。如此,出现在他们诗文中的身心意象便成为生命态度的外在表征,以此表明对偏爱道家的
As a result of the curse of the confrontation between the two Eastern and Western Han dynasties, celebrities from the Wei and Jin Dynasties alienated themselves from the society and turned their attention to the life direction of the individual instead of caring for the destiny of the nation. Instead, He Yan, Wang Bi, Sun Chuo, Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Guo Xiang, Wang Xizhi, Xie An, a large number of elegant Laozhuang celebrities. They regard “Shenggui in the world” as the ideal of their own life, and put the pursuit of the righteousness of traditional Confucianism behind the mind and body. In this way, the mental and physical images appearing in their poems become the outward appearance of life attitude, thus indicating that the preference for Taoism