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《奥勃洛摩夫》中存在一个双时空体结构,即显性的、现代都市时空体和隐性的、乡村田园时空体。两个时空体在结构上犹如精致的嵌套,各自独立又相互融合,暗含着都市文明与田园理想的对话。通过解析这一时空体,我们将触摸到作家冈察洛夫较为隐蔽、较为纠结的价值立场。《奥勃洛摩夫》固然通过主人公表现了俄国贵族庄园文化对于人格建构的缺陷以及它所衍生的寄生性,但小说的主旨还是在于表现:在现代化进程中俄罗斯宗法制文化与西方工业文化、俄罗斯灵魂与日耳曼灵魂、东正教伦理和新教伦理的价值冲突。它将俄罗斯传统文化中的聚合、浪漫和单纯与西方现代文化中的离散、理性和功利同时置于文本的对话空间,表达了对于都市文明的疑虑和田园诗价值的诉求。
There is a dual spatio-temporal body structure in “Oberomov”, namely dominant, modern urban space-time body and recessive, rural pastoral space-time body. Two space-time bodies in the structure as exquisite nested, independent and integrated with each other, implying the dialogue between urban civilization and pastoral ideal. By analyzing this space-time volume, we will touch the more subtle and more tangled value position of writer Gangcharov. Although “Oberomov” shows the defects of the Russian aristocratic manor culture for personality construction and the parasiticities it derives from the protagonist, the essence of the novel lies in the fact that in the process of modernization, the culture of the Russian patriarchal system and the western industrial culture, The Conflicts of Values between Russian Soul and Germanic Soul, Orthodox Ethics and Protestant Ethics. It puts the polymerization, romance and simplicity in Russia’s traditional culture into the dialogue space of text with the discrete, rational and utilitarianism in the modern Western culture, expressing the aspirations of urban civilization and idyllic values.