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目的：探讨奥氮平联合丁螺环酮治疗精神分裂症患者的疗效以及对认知功能的影响。方法将67例首发精神分裂症患者按随机数字表法分为研究组33例，对照组34例，均予以口服奥氮平治疗，研究组在此基础上联合丁螺环酮治疗，观察8周。于治疗前后采用阳性与阴性症状量表评定精神症状，威斯康星卡片分类测验和韦氏记忆量表测评认知功能，副反应量表评定不良反应。结果治疗后两组阳性与阴性症状评分均较治疗前显著下降（P＜0．01），研究组总分及阴性症状、精神病理因子分显著低于对照组（ P＜0．05或0．01）。两组威斯康星卡片分类测验正确反应数、完成分类数较治疗前显著增加，研究组显著高于对照组（ P＜0．05或0．01）；错误反应数、随机错误数较治疗前显著减少，研究组显著少于对照组（ P＜0．05或0．01）。两组韦氏记忆量表评总分均较治疗前显著增加（P＜0．01），但研究组显著高于对照组（P＜0．05）。两组不良反应较轻微，发生率比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论奥氮平联合丁螺环酮能有效改善精神分裂症患者的各种精神症状和认知功能，两药具有协同增效作用，安全性高。“,”Objective To explore the efficacy of olanzapine plus buspirone in the treatment of schizophre‐nia and influences on cognitive function .Methods Sixty‐seven patients with first‐episode schizophrenia were randomly divided into research (n=33) and control group (n=34) ,both groups took orally olanzap‐ine ,and on this basis research group was plus buspirone for 8 weeks .Mental symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS ) ,cognitive functions with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) ,and adverse reactions with the Treatment E‐mergent Symptom Scale (TESS) .Results After treatment the scores of the PANSS of both groups low‐ered more significantly compares with pretreatment (P<0 .01) ,the total ,negative and psychopathological symptoms score were significantly lower in research than in control group (P<0 .05 or 0 .01) .Correct re‐sponses and categories completed of both groups increased more significantly and were significantly higher in research than in control group ( P< 0 .05 or 0 .01 );erroneous responses and random errors lessened more significantly and were significantly lower in research than in control group (P<0 .05 or 0 .01) .The total scores of the WMS of both groups increased more significantly (P<0 .01) and that was significantly higher in research than in control group (P0 .05) .Conclusion Olanzapine combined with buspi‐rone could effectively improve all mental symptoms and cognitive functions of schizophrenics ,two drugs have a synergism and higher safety .