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本文通过对脆性岩石的相似材料——石英玻璃在三种不同形状的刀具作用下,破坏过程的观察,发现其破坏过程相似。不论刀具形状如何,破坏过程大体分为三个阶段:脆性破坏阶段、塑性破坏阶段、断裂破坏阶段。通过光弹实验,测定了承压核产生后刀具作用下的应力场,把破坏各阶段与相应的应力场对照,得出脆性岩石破坏的新结论,即脆性破坏是拉应力作用的结果,塑性破坏是剪应力作用的结果;断裂破坏即破碎漏斗形成是在拉应力作用下,张裂纹扩展的结果。
Through the observation of the destruction process of quartz glass, which is a similar material of brittle rock, under the action of three different shapes of cutting tools, the destruction process is similar. No matter how the shape of the tool, the destruction process can be roughly divided into three stages: the brittle failure stage, the plastic failure stage and the fracture failure stage. Through the photoelastic experiment, the stress field under the action of the cutter after the pressure core was determined was measured, and the collapsing stages were compared with the corresponding stress field to get the new conclusion that the brittle failure was the result of tensile stress. The plastic failure Is the result of shear stress; fracture failure that is broken funnel formation is the result of tensile cracks under tensile stress.