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据以色列一组研究人员报道,对51名医学生进行的I期试验表明,鼻腔接种疫苗有效.以色列今年发生流感流行,医学生虽然每天工作时接触流感,但没有一个免疫接种者发病.这种鼻腔接种的疫苗由Hebrew大学Hadassah医学院Zakay-Rones和Levy共同研制的.这种滴鼻剂中包含了世界卫生组织建议的1996～1997年流感流行季节使用的3个流感疫苗株.新病毒株较易掺入这种疫苗,因为Zakay-Rones等试验了许多病毒株,发现这种简易、有效的方法适用于所有病毒株.使用灭活病毒很重要,因为不让体弱者、老年人或免疫缺陷病人接触减毒活病毒较安全.注射疫苗仅激发体液免疫应答,所以对在呼吸道中迅速繁殖的流感病毒的感染只有部分防御作用.而血清学试验表明,鼻腔接种的疫苗既可引起粘膜免疫应答又可引起体液免疫应答,从而可在呼吸道内防止病毒繁殖.
According to a group of Israeli researchers, a phase I trial of 51 medical students showed that nasal vaccination was effective. Israel is in a flu epidemic this year, and while the medical students are exposed to flu every day while working, none of the immunizations are reported. Vaccines were developed by Zakay-Rones and Levy of the Hadassah School of Medicine at Hebrew University, which contains three influenza vaccine strains recommended by the World Health Organization for the influenza season of 1996-97. It is easy to incorporate this vaccine because Zakay-Rones et al. Tested many strains and found that this simple and effective method is applicable to all strains. Inactivation of the virus is important because infirmities, the elderly, or immunodeficiency It is safer for patients to be exposed to attenuated live virus, which is only partially defensive to infection with influenza virus that rapidly multiplies in the respiratory tract, whereas nasal vaccination elicits mucosal immune responses But also can cause humoral immune response, which can prevent the virus in the respiratory tract.