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前资本主义政治经济学最早源于马克思和恩格斯的《德意志意识形态》,在随后的时间里,马克思和恩格斯持续关注这一研究领域,并提出许多重要的观点。《联共(布)党史简明教程》和苏联政治经济学系列教程则标志着这一学科的独立。之后,中国学者在引入五种生产方式理论的同时,也更多地关注了中国前资本主义政治经济学的特有问题。总体来说,中国前资本主义已经取得了一定成就,当前还有进一步加强研究的必要。但要看到,当前的前资本主义政治经济学仍然存在学科体系还有待更加明确、欧洲中心论倾向以及演绎性不够的问题。为此,笔者认为,未来有必要加强研究者的马克思主义自觉意识、问题意识、当代意识、中国意识。
The earliest capitalist political economy originated from the “German ideology” of Marx and Engels, and Marx and Engels continued to pay attention to this research field and put forward many important views. The Concise Guide to the Communist Party (Bolshevik) and the series of Soviet political economics mark the independence of this discipline. Later, while introducing the five theories of mode of production, Chinese scholars paid more attention to the peculiarities of the political economy of pre-capitalism in China. In general, China’s pre-capitalism has made some achievements and there is still a need for further strengthening its research. However, we should realize that the current pre-capitalist political economy still needs to be more clearly defined, the European centering tendency and the lack of deductiveness. Therefore, in my opinion, it is necessary to strengthen researchers’ self-awareness of Marxism, problem awareness, contemporary awareness and Chinese consciousness in the future.