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基于GIS技术,通过分析肥城市长期定位耕地1998年至2004年的土壤养分指标,采用相关系数法确定土壤养分指数权重,应用ArcGIS软件制图与空间分析功能,利用SAS软件对养分数据进行统计分析。研究结果表明,1998～2004年间肥城市长期定位耕地土壤养分指标和土壤养分指数时空变异规律总体呈上升趋势。土壤养分指标的时间变异规律为土壤有机质、有效磷和速效钾含量均随时间延续呈上升趋势,最大上升幅度分别达3.20g kg~(-1)、15.29 mg kg~(-1)、40.07 mg kg~(-1),土壤碱解氮平均维持在76.67 mg kg~(-1)左右;其空间变异规律为土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾县域大部分区域均趋于升高,仅有小部分区域趋于降低;土壤养分指数的时空变异规律呈增长趋势,有41.31%的区域上升,仅9.05%的区域降低。研究明确了提高农业科技投入的方向和区域,对现代农田配方施肥、平衡施肥和区域养分资源综合管理具有积极意义。
Based on the GIS technology, the soil nutrient index of cultivated land from 1998 to 2004 in Feicheng City was determined. The correlation coefficient was used to determine the weight of soil nutrient index. The ArcGIS software mapping and spatial analysis function were used to analyze the nutrient data with SAS software. The results showed that the temporal and spatial variation of soil nutrients and soil nutrients of cultivated land in Feicheng City increased from 1998 to 2004. The temporal variation of soil nutrient index was soil organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium content increased with time, the maximum increase was 3.20g kg -1, 15.29 mg kg -1, 40.07 mg kg ~ (-1), and the average soil available nitrogen was about 76.67 mg kg ~ (-1). The spatial variation of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in most parts of the county tended to increase , Only a small part of the area tends to decrease. The spatial and temporal variation of soil nutrient index shows an increasing trend, with 41.31% of the area increasing and only 9.05% of the area decreasing. The research clearly pointed out that increasing the direction and area of investment in agricultural science and technology has positive significance for modern farmland formula fertilization, balanced fertilization and integrated management of regional nutrient resources.